Synovial Fluid Cell Count and Crystal Analysis

Alternative Names/Synonyms	Synovial Fluid Cell Count, Synovial joint Fluid Cell Count, Body Fluid Cell Count, Crystal Analysis
Laboratory	Core Laboratory & Transfusion Medicine
Sub-section	Hematology
Specimen Type	Fluid
Test Code	SFLHE

Ordering Instructions, Requisition

Special Lab Requisition (MS 331)

Clinical Significance

The purpose of synovial fluid examination is to establish a diagnosis of a specific arthritic process and to provide diagnostic information of the activity of biological reactions within the joint so that the progress or resolution of disease may be assessed.
The synovial fluid examination involves gross description, a cell count and differential, a mucin clot test and crystal identification.

Specimen Requirements (Sample Type)

Synovial Fluid

Specimen Requirements (Volume (mL))

2-5 mL

Specimen Requirements (Tube Type)

Red top vacutainer (with no additives) or a sterile container. Green Na Heparin, GNT

CollectionContainers

Collection Requirements

Fluids should be sent to lab promptly as they have to processed immediately.

Sample Stability

Room Temperature: N/A

Fridge: N/A

Freezer: N/A

Specimens should be processed within 24 hours of obtaining the sample.

It is recommended that specimens be examined within 1 hour after arthrocentesis.

Crystals do not decrease in significant numbers over 2 - 3 days.

Cause for Rejection

Any synovial fluids sent in Lithium Heparin tubes are to be rejected
Specimen Acceptability and Transport Guidance

Instrument, Methodology

Automated / Manual

Test Availability

24 hours, 7 days/week.

STAT Turnaround Time

2 hours

Routine Turnaround Time

2 hours

Reference Ranges

WBC Count: 0.0-200.0 x 10^6/L
Total Nucleated cells Count: 13.0 - 180.0 x 10^6/L
RBC Count: 0.0-2000.0 x 10^6/L In case of discrepancies, always interpret results using reference ranges as stated on laboratory reports and/or electronic patient chart.

Laboratory Contact Information

416-586-4800 Extension 4688